分詞のテーマ一覧
高校英文法において、分詞構文はよく出題される文法項目です。まずは分詞構文の作り方と和訳の仕方をマスターしましょう。
● As I came home, I saw a strange man in my house.
①接続詞を省略する。(意味をはっきりさせる場合は残してもOKです。)
I came home, I saw a strange man in my house.
②前と後の主語が一致していれば従属節側の主語を省略。
came home, I saw a strange man in my house.
③前と後の動詞の時制が一致していれば従属節側の動詞を ~ing にします
Coming home, I saw a strange man in my house. 【完成!】
(家に帰ると、私の家に見知らぬ人がいた。)
● If it rains tomorrow, I won't go out.
= It raining tomorrow, I won't go out.
● After he had finished the work, he went out.
= Having finished the work, he went out.
● Because I didn't know what to do, I was at a loss.
= Not knowing what to do, I was at a loss.
● When it is seen from here, the rock looks like a dog.
= (being) seen from here, the rock looks like a dog.
= Seen from here, the rock looks like a dog.
● As it had been written in easy English, the report was understandable.
= (having been) written in easy English, the report was understandable.
= Written in easy English, the report was understandable.
● He wrote to her, thanking her for her help.
= He wrote to her, and thanked her for her help.
(彼は彼女に手紙を書いて、手伝ってくれたことを感謝した。)
一般の人などが分詞の主語になっているので、慣用的に主語が省略されたものです。よく出題されますので、高校英文法でも基本的なものは暗記をしておきたいものです。
generally speaking (一般的にいえば), frankly speaking (率直に言えば), strictly speaking (厳密にいえば), judging from (~から判断すれば), talking of(~と言えば), according to (~によれば), owing to (~のために)
☆以下は【発展学習】
considering (~の割には), concerning (~に関して), providing [provided] (that) (もし~ならば), supposing (that) (もし~ならば), granting [granted] (that) (仮に~としても)